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IFR Report: Robot investment reaches 16.5 billion USD record in 2018
IFR報(bào)告：全球機(jī)器人投資達(dá)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的165億美元

September 18, 2019 – The World Robotics report presented by the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) shows an annual global sales value of 16.5 billion USD in 2018 – a new record. 422,000 units were shipped globally in 2018 - an increase of 6 percent compared to the previous year. IFR forecasts shipments in 2019 will recede from the record level in 2018, but expects an average growth of 12 percent per year from 2020 to 2022.

2019年9月18日——國(guó)際機(jī)器人聯(lián)合會(huì)（IFR）發(fā)布的《世界機(jī)器人報(bào)告》顯示，全球機(jī)器人年銷售額達(dá)165億美元，再創(chuàng)歷史新高。2018年全球裝機(jī)量為422,000臺(tái)，比上年增長(zhǎng)6%。IFR預(yù)測(cè)2019年的出貨量將較2018年有所回落，但從2020年到2022年，預(yù)計(jì)平均每年增長(zhǎng)率可保持在12%。

Asia is the world's largest industrial robot market. In 2018, there was a mixed picture for the three largest Asian markets: Installations in China and the Republic of Korea declined, while Japan increased considerably. In total, Asia grew by 1%. Robot installations in the second largest market, Europe, increased by 14% and reached a new peak for the sixth year in a row. In the Americas, the growth rate reached 20% more than the year before which also marks a new record level for the sixth year in a row.

亞洲是世界上最大的工業(yè)機(jī)器人市場(chǎng)。在2018年，亞洲三大市場(chǎng)可謂喜憂參半：中國(guó)和韓國(guó)的裝機(jī)量下降，而日本大幅增長(zhǎng)?？傮w上看，亞洲市場(chǎng)增長(zhǎng)了1%。機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量第二大市場(chǎng)的歐洲連續(xù)第六年遞增，同比去年增長(zhǎng)了14%，創(chuàng)歷史新高。實(shí)現(xiàn)了裝機(jī)量連續(xù)六年遞增的還有美洲市場(chǎng)，2018年的增長(zhǎng)率為20%，也取得歷史新高。

Top five markets in the world
世界前五大市場(chǎng)

Five major industrial robot markets represent 74 percent of global installations in 2018: China, Japan, Republic of Korea, the United States and Germany.

2018年前五大工業(yè)機(jī)器人市場(chǎng)占全球裝機(jī)量的74%，這五大市場(chǎng)為中國(guó)、日本、韓國(guó)、美國(guó)和德國(guó)。

China remains the world´s largest industrial robot market with a share of 36% of total installations. In 2018, about 154,000 units were installed. This is 1% less compared to the previous year but more than the number of robots installed in Europe and the Americas together. The value of installations reached 5.4 billion USD – 21% higher than in 2017.

中國(guó)仍然是世界上最大的工業(yè)機(jī)器人市場(chǎng)，占全球市場(chǎng)裝機(jī)量的36%。2018年，裝機(jī)量約154,000臺(tái)，雖然較2017年下降了1%，但依然超過(guò)歐洲和美洲裝機(jī)量的總和。2018年中國(guó)市場(chǎng)機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量總價(jià)值達(dá)到54億美元，比2017年增長(zhǎng)了21%。

Chinese robot suppliers increased their share of total installations on the domestic market by 5 percentage points (2018: 27% vs. 2017: 22%). This result is in line with China´s policy to promote domestic manufacturers. Installations of foreign robot suppliers on the other hand (including units produced in China by non-Chinese suppliers) decreased by 7% to about 113,000 units (2017: about 122,000 units). This reduction is also caused by a weakening automobile industry.

中國(guó)本土機(jī)器人在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的總裝機(jī)量增加了5%（2018年為27%，2017年為22%），這是中國(guó)鼓勵(lì)自主品牌機(jī)器人政策帶來(lái)的效果。另一方面，外資品牌的裝機(jī)量（包括非中國(guó)供應(yīng)商在中國(guó)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品）下降了7%，約為113,000臺(tái)（2017年約122,000臺(tái)），這主要是由于汽車行業(yè)不景氣導(dǎo)致的。

Japan´s robot sales increased by 21% to about 55,000 units, representing the highest value ever for the country. The average annual growth rate of 17% since 2013 is remarkable for a market with an already highly automated industrial production. Japan is the world´s number one industrial robot manufacturer and delivered 52% of the global supply in 2018.

日本的機(jī)器人銷量增長(zhǎng)了21%，達(dá)到55,000臺(tái)左右，是歷年來(lái)的最高值。對(duì)于日本這樣一個(gè)已經(jīng)具有高度自動(dòng)化工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的市場(chǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)，自2013年以來(lái)創(chuàng)造了17%的年均增長(zhǎng)率，這頗為令人矚目。日本是世界第一大工業(yè)機(jī)器人制造商，2018年占全球出貨量的52%。

Robot installations in the United States increased for the eighth year in a row to a new peak in 2018 and reached about 40,300 units. This is 22% higher than in 2017. Since 2010, the driver of the growth in all manufacturing industries in the U.S. has been the ongoing trend to automate production in order to strengthen the U.S. industries in both domestic and global markets. Regarding annual installations, the country has taken third position from the Republic of Korea.

美國(guó)的機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量連續(xù)八年增長(zhǎng)，在2018年創(chuàng)造新的紀(jì)錄，達(dá)40,300臺(tái)，較2017年增長(zhǎng)22%。從2010年以來(lái)，自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)的持續(xù)趨勢(shì)驅(qū)動(dòng)著美國(guó)所有制造業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)，來(lái)穩(wěn)固美國(guó)工業(yè)在國(guó)內(nèi)和全球市場(chǎng)。就年裝機(jī)量而言，美國(guó)取代韓國(guó)成為了全球第三大市場(chǎng)。

The annual robot installations in the Republic of Korea declined by 5% – about 38,000 units have been sold in 2018. The robot market strongly depends on the electronics industry that had a tough year. Nevertheless, installations have increased by 12% on average per year since 2013.

韓國(guó)的年機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量下降了5%——2018年約售出38,000臺(tái)。韓國(guó)機(jī)器人市場(chǎng)在很大程度上依賴于在2018年經(jīng)歷了較為艱難的電子行業(yè)。不過(guò)，韓國(guó)自2013年起的裝機(jī)量年均增速仍保持了12%的水平。

Germany is the fifth largest robot market in the world and number one in Europe, followed by Italy and France. In 2018, the number of robots sold increased by 26% to almost 27,000 units – an all-time record. Installations are mainly driven by the automotive industry.

德國(guó)是世界第五大機(jī)器人市場(chǎng)，在歐洲排名第一，其次是意大利和法國(guó)。2018年，德國(guó)機(jī)器人銷量增長(zhǎng)26%，接近27,000臺(tái)。

Robot use by industry worldwide
機(jī)器人在全球的行業(yè)應(yīng)用

The automotive industry remains the largest adopter of robots globally with a share of almost 30%of the total supply (2018). After a very strong year 2017 that saw a 21% increase of installations, this level was maintained and slightly increased by 2% in 2018. Investments in new car production capacities and in modernization have driven the demand for robots. Using new materials, developing energy efficient drive systems and high competition in all major car markets pushed for investments. 79% of industrial robot installations took place in 5 key markets: China (39,351 units), Japan (17,346 units), Germany (15,673 units), the United States (15,246 units) and the Republic of Korea (11,034 units). Interestingly, India, the world’s fourth largest vehicle producer by OICA´s production statistics, had just about 2,100 industrial robots installed in its automotive industry.

汽車行業(yè)仍然是全球最大的機(jī)器人應(yīng)用行業(yè)，其份額幾乎為總供應(yīng)量的30%（2018年）。在經(jīng)歷了2017年汽車行業(yè)21%新增裝機(jī)量的強(qiáng)勁增長(zhǎng)后，汽車行業(yè)的機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量一直保持在這一水平并在2018年略增加了2%。汽車新產(chǎn)能的投資和和現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程推動(dòng)了汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)機(jī)器人的需求。新材料的使用，節(jié)能驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)發(fā)，主要汽車市場(chǎng)間的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)推動(dòng)了其對(duì)機(jī)器人對(duì)投資。汽車行業(yè)中79%的工業(yè)機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量分布在5個(gè)重點(diǎn)市場(chǎng)：中國(guó)（39,351臺(tái)）、日本（17,346臺(tái)）、德國(guó)（15,673臺(tái)）、美國(guó)（15,246臺(tái)）和韓國(guó)（11,034臺(tái)）。有趣的是，根據(jù)OICA的生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)，作為世界第四大汽車生產(chǎn)國(guó)的印度，2018年在汽車行業(yè)的裝機(jī)量?jī)H為2,100臺(tái)。

The electrical/electronics industry was about to replace the automotive industry as the most important customer for industrial robots in 2017. However, in 2018, global demand for electronic devices and components substantially decreased. This customer industry is probably the one most affected by the US-China trade crisis as Asian countries are leaders in manufacturing electronic products and components. Robot installations in this industry declined by 14% from their peak level of about 122,000 units in 2017 to 105,000 units in 2018. 79% of the total installations in the electrical/electronics industry were installed in three countries with major production sites: China (43%), Republic of Korea (19%), Japan (17%). Vietnam saw a one-off boost of installations in 2017 driven by a few major projects (7,080 units), but dropped back in 2018 (689 units).

電氣/電子行業(yè)在2017年幾乎要取代汽車行業(yè)成為工業(yè)機(jī)器人最主要的應(yīng)用行業(yè)。然而，在2018年，全球?qū)﹄娮釉O(shè)備和組件的需求持續(xù)減少。這個(gè)用戶行業(yè)可能是受美中貿(mào)易摩擦影響最大的行業(yè)，因?yàn)閬喼奘请娮赢a(chǎn)品和組件的重要生產(chǎn)地，因此機(jī)器人在這個(gè)行業(yè)的裝機(jī)量下降了14%。電氣/電子行業(yè)機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量最高在2017年曾達(dá)到122,000臺(tái)，2018年降至105,000臺(tái)。在電氣/電子行業(yè)的機(jī)器人裝機(jī)量中的79%主要來(lái)自三個(gè)國(guó)家：中國(guó)（43%）、韓國(guó)（19%）和日本（17%）。越南2017年在幾個(gè)主要項(xiàng)目的推動(dòng)下安裝量增加到7,080臺(tái)，但在2018年下跌至689臺(tái)。

The metal and machinery industry established itself as the third largest customer industry.

金屬和機(jī)械工業(yè)是機(jī)器人的第三大用戶行業(yè)。

Installations accounted for 10% of total demand in 2018. Both producers of metal products (without automotive parts) and producers of industrial machinery, have bought substantial amounts of robots in recent years. Installations rose to about 43,500 units in 2018. This is 1% less than in the record year of 2017 (44,191 units). The metal and machinery industry was the largest customer industry in Finland (44%), Sweden (42%), Switzerland (40%), Belgium (30%), Austria (27%), Italy (26%) and Denmark (21%).

2018年裝機(jī)量占全球總量的10%。2018年的裝機(jī)量增至約43,500臺(tái)，較2017年（44,191臺(tái)）下降了1%。金屬和機(jī)械工業(yè)是以下幾個(gè)國(guó)家中最大的應(yīng)用行業(yè)，分別為芬蘭（44%）、瑞典（42%）、瑞士（40%）、比利時(shí)（30%）、奧地利（27%）、意大利（26%）和丹麥（21%）。

Robots designed for collaborative use (Cobots)
專為協(xié)同使用而設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人（Cobot）

For the first time, World Robotics analyses the market for collaborative industrial robots (cobots). Cobots are designed to perform tasks in the same workspace as human workers. The IFR definition implies that a cobot is necessarily an industrial robot as defined in ISO 8372:2012. Despite a very strong media attention of cobots, the number of units installed is still very low with a share of 3.24% only. In 2018, less than 14,000 out of more than 422,000 industrial robots installed, were cobots. The year before that, roughly 11,100 units were cobots. From 2017 to 2018, annual installations of cobots increased by 23%.

《全球機(jī)器人》報(bào)告首次分析了協(xié)作工業(yè)機(jī)器人（cobot）的市場(chǎng)。協(xié)作機(jī)器人旨在與人在同一工作空間中執(zhí)行任務(wù)。IFR這個(gè)定義意味著協(xié)作機(jī)器人必然是符合iso8372:2012標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的工業(yè)機(jī)器人。盡管協(xié)作機(jī)器人引起了媒體的強(qiáng)烈關(guān)注，但安裝的設(shè)備數(shù)量仍然很少，僅占3.24%。2018年，在安裝的422,000多臺(tái)工業(yè)機(jī)器人中，只有不到14,000臺(tái)機(jī)器人是協(xié)作機(jī)器人。在2017年大約有11,100個(gè)單位是協(xié)作機(jī)器人。從2017年到2018年，協(xié)作機(jī)器人的年度安裝量增長(zhǎng)了23％。

Appendix
附解

The annual global sales value of 16.5 billion USD in 2018 is a projection based on market values reported by various national robotics associations. This encompasses only the robots. If software, peripherals, and systems engineering is included, the value is approximately 50 billion USD.

2018年全球年銷售額為165億美元，這是根據(jù)各國(guó)機(jī)器人協(xié)會(huì)報(bào)告的預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)值。這個(gè)數(shù)值僅包括機(jī)器人，如果把軟件、外圍設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)工程計(jì)算在內(nèi)，這個(gè)數(shù)值大約為500億美元。